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Author: Ruben Enikolopov, NES This policy brief summarizes the results of recent research which studies the effect of a development program in Afghanistan on the security situation there. We use a large-scale randomized field experiment to examine the effect of the largest development program in Afghanistan on the economic wellbeing of villagers and their attitudes [...]

Author: Elena Paltseva and Jesper Roine, SITE Natural resources undoubtedly play an important role in the economy of many countries. Whether their contribution to development is positive or negative is, however, a contested and difficult question. Arguably countries like Australia, Botswana and Norway have gained enormously over long periods from their natural resources, others like [...]

Author: Tom Coupé, KEI. After the fall of the Soviet Union, transition countries have faced an unprecedented demographic shock, with increasing mortality and emigration, but also with a serious drop in fertility. This negative shock to fertility has translated in an increasingly smaller number of school-aged children, considerably reducing school size and class size over [...]